Blue light transurethral resection and biopsy of bladder cancer with hexaminolevulinate: Histopathological characteristics and recurrence rates in a single UK centre study

Introduction Blue light cystoscopy with hexaminolevulinate (HAL) during transurethral resection of bladder cancer (TURBT) has been shown to improve detection, thereby reducing recurrence compared white cystoscopy. Methods Single-centred UK (United Kingdom) study on 101 patients who underwent blue between July 2017 and November 2020, performed by a single surgeon. Our was divided into two arms; the primary arm had no prior diagnosis malignancy (N = 41), whereas secondary re-resection 57). Three non-urothelial were excluded. Patients followed up for 24 months. Data collected biopsy quality, histopathological characteristics recurrence. The end points rate at months in both arms detection CIS undergo TURBT or after initial secondary, arm. This analysed Fisher's exact test. Results Of 98 patients, 39 their first TURBT/biopsy: (10/41, 24.4%) (29/57, 50.9%), detrusor present 80.5% 80.7%, respectively. In arm, detected significantly more (20.7% vs 51.7%, p 0.0277) 3.4% upstaged muscle invasive (G3pT2). Median time 3.06 Recurrence 33.3% 37.5% follow-up. Conclusion data confirm that HAL provides superior previous